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The Knowledge of the Infinite

(Chapter 7)

सप्तमोऽध्यायः — Prapāṭhaka 7: Bhūma Vidyā ( The Infinite)

Chapter Quiz

Verse 1

vāgvāva nāmno bhūyasī vāgvā ṛgvedaṃ vijñāpayati yajurvedaṃ sāmavedamātharvaṇaṃ caturthamitihāsapurāṇaṃ pañcamaṃ vedānāṃ vedaṃ pitryaṃ rāśiṃ daivaṃ nidhiṃ vākovākyamekāyanaṃ devavidyāṃ brahmavidyāṃ bhūtavidyāṃ kṣatravidyāṃ sarpadevajanavidyāṃ divaṃ ca pṛthivīṃ ca vāyuṃ cākāśaṃ cāpaśca tejaśca devāṃśca manuṣyāṃśca paśūṃśca vayāṃsi ca tṛṇavanaspatīñśvāpadānyākīṭapataṅgapipīlakaṃ dharmaṃ cādharmaṃ ca satyaṃ cānṛtaṃ ca sādhu cāsādhu ca hṛdayajñaṃ cāhṛdayajñaṃ ca yadvai vāṅnābhaviṣyanna dharmo nādharmo vyajñāpayiṣyanna satyaṃ nānṛtaṃ na sādhu nāsādhu na hṛdayajño nāhṛdayajño vāgevaitatsarvaṃ vijñāpayati vācamupāssveti

AI Translation

Speech indeed is greater than name. Speech makes known the Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda, Atharvana as the fourth, Itihasa-Purana as the fifth, grammar, rituals for ancestors, mathematics, astrology, treasure-finding, logic, ethics, etymology, Vedic science, science of spirits, archery, astronomy, snake-charming and fine arts, as well as heaven, earth, air, ether, water, fire, gods, humans, animals, birds, grass, trees, beasts down to worms, flies, and ants, righteousness and unrighteousness, truth and falsehood, good and evil, the pleasant and the unpleasant. If speech did not exist, neither righteousness nor unrighteousness would be known, nor truth nor falsehood, nor good nor evil, nor the pleasant nor the unpleasant. Speech alone makes all this known. Meditate on speech.

Verse 2

sa yo vācaṃ brahmi tyupāste yāvadvāco gataṃ tatrāsya yathākāmacāro bhavati yo vācaṃ brahmi tyupāste'sti bhagavo vāco bhūya iti vāco vāva bhūyo'stīti tanme bhagavānbravītviti

AI Translation

He who meditates on speech as Brahman becomes free to act as he pleases within the realm of speech—he who meditates on speech as Brahman. Is there, revered sir, anything greater than speech? There is indeed something greater than speech. May your worship speak to me of that.

Verse 3

mano vāva vāco bhūyo yathā vai dve vāmalake dve vā kole dvau vākṣau muṣṭiranubhavatyevaṃ vācaṃ ca nāma ca mano'nubhavati sa yadā manasā manasyati mantrānadhīyīyetyathādhīte karmāṇi kurvīyetyatha kurute putrāṃśca paśūṃścetcheyetyathecchata imaṃ ca lokamamuṃ cetcheyetyathecchate mano hyātmā mano hi loko mano hi brahma mana upāssveti

AI Translation

Mind indeed is greater than speech. Just as two myrobalans, or two jujube fruits, or two dice are held within a closed fist, so are speech and name held within the mind. When one wills in his mind, Let me study the sacred mantras, then he studies them; Let me perform sacred deeds, then he performs them; Let me desire children and cattle, then he desires them; Let me desire this world and the next, then he desires them. Mind is indeed the self, mind is the world, mind is Brahman. Meditate on the mind.

Verse 4

sa yo mano brahmi tyupāste yāvanmanaso gataṃ tatrāsya yathākāmacāro bhavati yo mano brahmi tyupāste'sti bhagavo manaso bhūya iti manaso vāva bhūyo'stīti tanme bhagavānbravītviti

AI Translation

He who meditates on the mind as Brahman becomes free to act as he pleases within the realm of the mind—he who meditates on the mind as Brahman. Is there, revered sir, anything greater than the mind? There is indeed something greater than the mind. May your worship speak to me of that.

Verse 5

tāni ha vā etāni saṅkalpaikāyanāni saṅkalpātmakāni saṅkalpe pratiṣṭhitāni samaklṛptāṃ dyāvāpṛthivī samakalpetāṃ vāyuścākāśaṃ ca samakalpantāpaśca tejaśca teṣāṃ saṅklṛtyai varṣaṃ saṅkalpate varṣasya saṅklṛptyā annaṃ saṅkalpate'nnasya saṅklṛtyai prāṇāḥ saṅkalpante prāṇānāṃ saṅklṛtyai mantrāḥ saṅkalpante mantrāṇāṃ saṅklṛtyai karmāṇi saṅkalpante karmaṇāṃ saṅklṛtyai lokaḥ saṅkalpate lokasya saṅklṛtyai sarvaṃ saṅkalpate sa eṣa saṅkalpaḥ saṅkalpamupāssveti

AI Translation

All these indeed center in will (sankalpa), consist of will, and are established in will. Heaven and earth were formed through will, air and ether were formed through will, water and fire were formed through will. Through their formation, rain is formed; through rain, food; through food, living beings; through living beings, sacred mantras; through mantras, sacred deeds; through deeds, the worlds; and through the worlds, all things are formed. Such is will. Meditate on will.

Verse 6

sa yaḥ saṅkalpaṃ brahmi tyupāste saṅklṛptānvai sa lokāndhruvāndhruvaḥ pratiṣṭhitān pratiṣṭhito'vyathamānānavyathamāno'bhisidhyati yāvatsaṅkalpasya gataṃ tatrāsya yathākāmacāro bhavati yaḥ saṅkalpaṃ brahmi tyupāste'sti bhagavaḥ saṅkalpādbhūya iti saṅkalpādvāva bhūyo'stīti tanme bhagavānbravītviti

AI Translation

He who meditates on will as Brahman attains the worlds formed by will—he being steady, attains steady worlds; being established, attains established worlds; being unshakeable, attains unshakeable worlds. He becomes free to act as he pleases within the realm of will—he who meditates on will as Brahman. Is there, revered sir, anything greater than will? There is indeed something greater than will. May your worship speak to me of that.

Verse 7

cittaṃ vāva saṅkalpādbhūyo yadā vai cetayate'tha saṅkalpayate'tha manasyatyatha vācamīrayati tāmu nāmnīrayati nāmni mantrā ekaṃ bhavanti mantreṣu karmāṇi

AI Translation

Intelligence (citta) indeed is greater than will. For when one comprehends intelligently, then one wills; then one minds; then one utters speech, uttering it in a name; in the name the mantras become one, and in the mantras sacred deeds become one.

Verse 8

tāni ha vā etāni cittaikāyanāni cittātmāni cittē pratiṣṭhitāni tasmādyadyapi bahuvidacitto bhavati nāyamastītyevainamāhuryadayaṃ veda yadvā ayaṃ vidvānnetthamacittaḥ syādityatha yadyalpavic-cittavānbhavati tasmā evota śuśrūṣante cittaṃ hyevaiṣāmekāyanaṃ cittamātmā cittaṃ pratiṣṭhā cittamupāssveti

AI Translation

All these center in intelligence, consist of intelligence, and are established in intelligence. Therefore, even if a man knows much, if he lacks intelligence, people say of him, He is nothing, whatever he may know; for if he were truly wise, he would not be so unintelligent. But if a man knows little yet possesses intelligence, people desire to listen to him. Intelligence indeed is the center of all these, intelligence is their self, intelligence is their support. Meditate on intelligence.

Verse 9

sa yaścittaṃ brahmi tyupāste citānvai sa lokāndhruvāndhruvaḥ pratiṣṭhitānpratiṣṭhito'vyathamānānavyathamāno'bhisidhyati yāvaccittasya gataṃ tatrāsya yathākāmacāro bhavati yaścittaṃ brahmi tyupāste'sti bhagavaścittādbhūya iti cittādvāva bhūyo'stīti tanme bhagavānbravītviti

AI Translation

He who meditates on intelligence as Brahman attains the intelligent worlds—he being steady, attains steady worlds; being established, attains established worlds; being unshakeable, attains unshakeable worlds. He becomes free to act as he pleases within the realm of intelligence—he who meditates on intelligence as Brahman. Is there, revered sir, anything greater than intelligence? There is indeed something greater than intelligence. May your worship speak to me of that.

Verse 10

dhyānaṃ vāva cittādbhūyo dhyāyatīva pṛthivī dhyāyatīvāntarikṣaṃ dhyāyatīva dyaurdhyāyantīvāpo dhyāyantīva parvatā devamanuṣyāstasmādya iha manuṣyāṇāṃ mahattāṃ prāpnuvanti dhyānāpādāṃśā ivaiva te bhavantyatha ye'lpāḥ kalahinaḥ piśunā upavādinaste'tha ye prabhavō dhyānāpādāṃśā ivaiva te bhavanti dhyānamupāssveti

AI Translation

Meditation (dhyana) indeed is greater than intelligence. The earth seems to meditate, the atmosphere seems to meditate, the sky seems to meditate, the waters seem to meditate, the mountains seem to meditate, gods and humans seem to meditate. Therefore, those among human beings who attain greatness here seem to have obtained a share of the fruit of meditation; whereas those who are small are quarrelsome, slanderous, and abusive. But those who are powerful seem to have obtained a share of the fruit of meditation. Meditate on meditation.

Verse 11

sa yo dhyānaṁ brahmetyupāste yāvaddhyānasya gataṁ tatrāsya yathākāmacāro bhavati yo dhyānaṁ brahmetyupāste'sti bhagavo dhyānādbhūya iti dhyānādvāva bhūyo'stīti tanme bhagavānbravītviti

AI Translation

He who meditates on meditation as Brahman—as far as meditation reaches, so far he obtains freedom of movement, he who meditates on meditation as Brahman. Is there, sir, anything greater than meditation? There is indeed something greater than meditation. Tell that to me, sir.

Verse 12

vijñānaṁ vāva dhyānādbhūyo vijñānena vā ṛgvedaṁ vijānāti yajurvedaṁ sāmavedamātharvaṇaṁ caturthamitihāsapurāṇaṁ pañcamaṁ vedānāṁ vedaṁ pitryaṁ rāśiṁ daivaṁ nidhiṁ vākovākyamekāyanaṁ devavidyāṁ brahmavidyāṁ bhūtavidyāṁ kṣatravidyāṁ nakṣatravidyāṁ sarpadevajanavidyāṁ divaṁ ca pṛthivīṁ ca vāyuṁ cākāśaṁ cāpaśca tejaśca devāṁśca manuṣyāṁśca paśūṁśca vayāṁsi ca tṛṇavanaspatīñchvāpadānyākīṭapataṅgapipīlakaṁ dharmaṁ cādharmaṁ ca satyaṁ cānṛtaṁ ca sādhu cāsādhu ca hṛdayajñaṁ cāhṛdayajñaṁ cānnaṁ ca rasaṁ cemam ca lokamamuṁ ca vijñānenaiva vijānāti vijñānamupāssveti

AI Translation

Understanding (Vijñāna) is assuredly greater than meditation. By understanding alone one understands the Rig-Veda, Yajur-Veda, Sama-Veda, the Atharvana as the fourth, the Itihasa-Purana as the fifth, the Veda of Vedas, ancestral rites, mathematics, augury, chronology, logic, ethics, etymology, Vedic science, science of spirits, military science, astronomy, science of serpents and fine arts; as well as heaven, earth, air, ether, water, fire, gods, men, animals, birds, grass, trees, wild beasts down to worms, flies, and ants, righteousness and unrighteousness, truth and falsehood, good and evil, what is appealing to the heart and what is not, food and taste, this world and the next world—all this one understands through understanding alone. Meditate upon understanding.

Verse 13

sa yo vijñānaṁ brahmetyupāste vijñānavato vai sa lokāñjñānavato'bhisidhyati yāvadvijñānasya gataṁ tatrāsya yathākāmacāro bhavati yo vijñānaṁ brahmetyupāste'sti bhagavo vijñānādbhūya iti vijñānādvāva bhūyo'stīti tanme bhagavānbravītviti

AI Translation

He who meditates on understanding as Brahman attains the worlds endowed with understanding and knowledge. As far as understanding reaches, so far he obtains freedom of movement, he who meditates on understanding as Brahman. Is there, sir, anything greater than understanding? There is indeed something greater than understanding. Tell that to me, sir.

Verse 14

balaṁ vāva vijñānādbhūyo'pi ha śataṁ vijñānavatāmeko balavānākampayate sa yadā balī bhavatyathotthātā bhavatyuttiṣṭhanparicaritā bhavati paricarannupasattā bhavatyupasīdandraṣṭā bhavati śrotā bhavati mantā bhavati boddhā bhavati kartā bhavati vijñātā bhavati balena vai pṛthivī tiṣṭhati balenāntarikṣaṁ balena dyaurbalena meṇḍā (parvatā) balena devamanuṣyā balena paśavaśca vayāṁsi ca tṛṇavanaspatayaḥ śvāpadānyākīṭapataṅgapipīlakaṁ balena lokastiṣṭhati balamupāssveti

AI Translation

Strength (Bala) is assuredly greater than understanding. Indeed, a single strong man can cause a hundred men of understanding to tremble. When a person becomes strong, he rises up; rising up, he serves; serving, he approaches close; approaching close, he becomes a seer, a hearer, a thinker, a perceiver, an agent, an understander. By strength the earth stands, by strength the intermediate realm, by strength heaven, by strength the mountains, by strength gods and men, by strength domestic animals and birds, trees and plants, wild beasts down to worms, flies, and ants—by strength the world stands. Meditate upon strength.

Verse 15

sa yo balaṁ brahmetyupāste yāvadbalasya gataṁ tatrāsya yathākāmacāro bhavati yo balaṁ brahmetyupāste'sti bhagavo balādbhūya iti balādvāva bhūyo'stīti tanme bhagavānbravītviti

AI Translation

He who meditates on strength as Brahman—as far as strength reaches, so far he obtains freedom of movement, he who meditates on strength as Brahman. Is there, sir, anything greater than strength? There is indeed something greater than strength. Tell that to me, sir.

Verse 16

annaṃ vāva balādbhūyastasmādyadyapi daśa rātrīrnāśnīyādyadyu ha jīvedathavādraṣṭāśrotāmantāboddhākartāvijñātā bhavatyathānnasyāyai draṣṭā bhavati śrotā bhavati mantā bhavati boddhā bhavati kartā bhavati vijñātā bhavatyannamupāssveti

AI Translation

Food is indeed greater than strength. Therefore, if a person does not eat for ten nights, even if he survives, he becomes a non-seer, a non-hearer, a non-thinker, a non-understander, a non-doer, and a non-knower. But upon receiving food, he becomes a seer, a hearer, a thinker, an understander, a doer, and a knower. Meditate on food.

Verse 17

sa yo'nnaṃ brahmetyupāste'nnavato vai sa lokānpānavato'bhisidhyati yāvadannasya gataṃ tatrāsya yathākāmacāro bhavati yo'nnaṃ brahmetyupāste'sti bhagavo'nnādbhūya ityannādvāva bhūyo'stīti tanme bhagavānbravītviti

AI Translation

He who meditates on food as Brahman attains the worlds that are rich in food and drink. As far as food extends, so far he obtains freedom of movement, he who meditates on food as Brahman. 'Is there, Venerable Sir, anything greater than food?' 'There is indeed something greater than food.' 'Please tell that to me, Sir.'

Verse 18

āpo vāvānnādbhūyastasmādyadā suvṛṣṭirna bhavati vyādhīyante prāṇā annaṃ kanīyo bhaviṣyatītyatha yadā suvṛṣṭirbhavatyānandinaḥ prāṇā bhavantyannaṃ bahu bhaviṣyatītyāpa evemā mūrtā yeyaṃ pṛthivī yadantarikṣaṃ yaddyauryatparvatā yaddevamanuṣyā yatpaśavaśca vayāṁsi ca tṛṇavanaspatayaḥ śvāpadānyākīṭapataṅgapipīlakamāpa evemā mūrtā apa upāssveti

AI Translation

Water is indeed greater than food. Therefore, when there is no good rainfall, living beings suffer, thinking, 'Food will become scarce.' But when there is good rainfall, living beings become joyful, thinking, 'Food will be abundant.' Water alone has assumed all these forms: this earth, the intermediate space, the sky, the mountains, gods and human beings, beasts and birds, grass and trees, wild animals down to worms, moths, and ants. All these are taking form from water alone. Meditate on water.

Verse 19

sa yo'po brahmetyupāsta āpnoti sarvāṁkāmāṁstṛptimānbhavati yāvadapāṁ gataṃ tatrāsya yathākāmacāro bhavati yo'po brahmetyupāste'sti bhagavo'dbhyo bhūya ityadbhyo vāva bhūyo'stīti tanme bhagavānbravītviti

AI Translation

He who meditates on water as Brahman obtains all his desires and becomes fully satisfied. As far as water extends, so far he obtains freedom of movement, he who meditates on water as Brahman. 'Is there, Venerable Sir, anything greater than water?' 'There is indeed something greater than water.' 'Please tell that to me, Sir.'

Verse 20

tejo vāvādbyo bhūyastadvā etadvāyumāgṛhyākāśamabhitapati tadāhurniśocati nitapati varṣiṣyati vā iti teja eva tatpūrvaṃ darśayitvāthāpaḥ sṛjate tadetadūrdhvābhiśca tiraścībhiśca vidyudbhirāhrādāścaranti tasmādāhurvidyotate stanayati varṣiṣyati vā iti teja eva tatpūrvaṃ darśayitvāthāpaḥ sṛjate teja upāssveti

AI Translation

Heat (or Fire) is indeed greater than water. For it stabilizes the air and heats up the atmosphere. Then people say, 'It is hot, it is burning, it will surely rain.' Heat thus first manifests itself and then creates water. When lightning flashes across the sky upwards and sideways accompanied by thunder, people say, 'It flashes, it thunders, it will rain.' Heat first manifests itself and then creates water. Meditate on heat.

Key Takeaways & AI Summary

This chapter explores the profound teachings of The Knowledge of the Infinite. It includes 44 verses detailing core themes like "vāgvāva nāmno bhūyasī vāgvā ṛgvedaṃ vijñāpayati yajurvedaṃ sāmavedamātharvaṇaṃ caturthamitihāsapurāṇaṃ pañcamaṃ vedānāṃ vedaṃ pitryaṃ rāśiṃ daivaṃ nidhiṃ vākovākyamekāyanaṃ devavidyāṃ brahmavidyāṃ bhūtavidyāṃ kṣatravidyāṃ sarpadevajanavidyāṃ divaṃ ca pṛthivīṃ ca vāyuṃ cākāśaṃ cāpaśca tejaśca devāṃśca manuṣyāṃśca paśūṃśca vayāṃsi ca tṛṇavanaspatīñśvāpadānyākīṭapataṅgapipīlakaṃ dharmaṃ cādharmaṃ ca satyaṃ cānṛtaṃ ca sādhu cāsādhu ca hṛdayajñaṃ cāhṛdayajñaṃ ca yadvai vāṅnābhaviṣyanna dharmo nādharmo vyajñāpayiṣyanna satyaṃ nānṛtaṃ na sādhu nāsādhu na hṛdayajño nāhṛdayajño vāgevaitatsarvaṃ vijñāpayati vācamupāssveti", "sa yo vācaṃ brahmi tyupāste yāvadvāco gataṃ tatrāsya yathākāmacāro bhavati yo vācaṃ brahmi tyupāste'sti bhagavo vāco bhūya iti vāco vāva bhūyo'stīti tanme bhagavānbravītviti", "mano vāva vāco bhūyo yathā vai dve vāmalake dve vā kole dvau vākṣau muṣṭiranubhavatyevaṃ vācaṃ ca nāma ca mano'nubhavati sa yadā manasā manasyati mantrānadhīyīyetyathādhīte karmāṇi kurvīyetyatha kurute putrāṃśca paśūṃścetcheyetyathecchata imaṃ ca lokamamuṃ cetcheyetyathecchate mano hyātmā mano hi loko mano hi brahma mana upāssveti".One of the oldest and largest Principal Upanishads from the Sama Veda — containing the foundational Mahāvākya "Tat Tvam Asi" (Thou Art That) and profound teachings on meditation, Prana, and the nature of Brahman through the dialogues of Uddalaka and Shvetaketu.