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The Yoga of the Knowledge of Self-Oneness

(Chapter 4)

Chapter Quiz

Verse 1

parāñci khāni vyatṛṇat svayambhū-stasmātparāṅpaśyati nāntarātman .kaściddhīraḥ pratyagātmānamaikṣa-dāvṛttacakṣuramṛtatvamicchan .. 1..

AI Translation

1 Yama said: The self-existent Supreme Lord inflicted an injury upon the sense-organs in creating them with outgoing tendencies; therefore a man perceives only outer objects with them and not the inner Self. But a calm person, wishing for Immortality, beholds the inner Self with his eyes closed.

Verse 2

parācaḥ kāmānanuyanti bālā-ste mṛtyoryanti vitatasya pāśam .atha dhīrā amṛtatvaṃ viditvādhruvamadhruveṣviha na prārthayante .. 2..

AI Translation

2 Children pursue outer pleasures and fall into the net of widespread death; but calm souls, having known what is unshakable Immortality, do not covet any uncertain thing in this world.

Verse 3

yena rūpaṃ rasaṃ gandhaṃ śabdān sparśāgͫśca maithunān .etenaiva vijānāti kimatra pariśiṣyate . etadvai tat .. 3..

AI Translation

3 It is through Atman that one knows form, taste, smell, sounds, touches and carnal pleasures. Is there anything that remains unknown to Atman? This, verily, is That.

Verse 4

svapnāntaṃ jāgaritāntaṃ cobhau yenānupaśyati .mahāntaṃ vibhumātmānaṃ matvā dhīro na śocati .. 4..

AI Translation

4 It is through Atman that one perceives all objects in sleep or in the waking state. Having realised the vast, all-pervading Atman, the calm soul does not grieve.

Verse 5

ya imaṃ madhvadaṃ veda ātmānaṃ jīvamantikāt .īśānaṃ bhūtabhavyasya na tato vijugupsate . etadvai tat .. 5..

AI Translation

5 He who knows the individual soul, the experiencer of the fruits of action, as Atman, always near and the Lord of the past and the future, will not conceal himself from others. This, verily, is That.

Verse 6

yaḥ pūrvaṃ tapaso jātamadbhyaḥ pūrvamajāyata .guhāṃ praviśya tiṣṭhantaṃ yo bhūtebhirvyapaśyata . etadvai tat .. 6..

AI Translation

6 He verily knows Brahman who knows the First-born, the offspring of austerity, created prior to the waters and dwelling, with the elements, in the cave of the heart. This, verily, is That.

Verse 7

yā prāṇena saṃbhavatyaditirdevatāmayī .guhāṃ praviśya tiṣṭhantīṃ yā bhūtebhirvyajāyata . etadvai tat .. 7..

AI Translation

7 He verily knows Brahman who knows Aditi, the soul of all deities, who was born in the form of Prana, who was created with the elements and who, entering into the heart, abides therein. This, verily, is That.

Verse 8

araṇyornihito jātavedā garbha iva subhṛto garbhiṇībhiḥ .dive dive īḍyo jāgṛvadbhirhaviṣmadbhirmanuṣyebhiragniḥ . etadvai tat .. 8..

AI Translation

8 Agni, hidden in the two fire-sticks and well guarded-like a child in the womb, by its mother-is worshipped day after day by men who are awake and by those who offer oblations in the sacrifices. This, verily, is That.

Verse 9

yataścodeti sūryo’staṃ yatra ca gacchati .taṃ devāḥ sarve’rpitāstadu nātyeti kaścana . etadvai tat .. 9..

AI Translation

9 Whence the sun rises and whither it goes to set, in whom all the devas are contained and whom none can ever pass beyond- This, verily, is That.

Verse 10

yadeveha tadamutra yadamutra tadanviha .mṛtyoḥ sa mṛtyumāpnoti ya iha nāneva paśyati .. 10..

AI Translation

10 What is here, the same is there and what is there, the same is here. He goes from death to death who sees any difference here.

Verse 11

manasaivedamāptavyaṃ neha nānā’sti kiṃcana .mṛtyoḥ sa mṛtyuṃ gacchati ya iha nāneva paśyati .. 11..

AI Translation

11 By the mind alone is Brahman to be realised; then one does not see in It any multiplicity whatsoever. He goes from death to death who sees multiplicity in It. This, verily, is That.

Verse 12

aṅguṣṭhamātraḥ puruṣo madhya ātmani tiṣṭhati .īśānaṃ bhūtabhavyasya na tato vijugupsate . etadvai tat .. 12..

AI Translation

12 The Purusha, of the size of a thumb, dwells in the body. He is the Lord of the past and the future. After knowing Him, one does not conceal oneself any more. This, verily, is That.

Verse 13

aṅguṣṭhamātraḥ puruṣo jyotirivādhūmakaḥ .īśāno bhūtabhavyasya sa evādya sa u śvaḥ . etadvai tat .. 13..

AI Translation

13 The Purusha, of the size of a thumb, is like a flame without smoke. The Lord of the past and the future, He is the same today and tomorrow. This, verily, is That.

Verse 14

yathodakaṃ durge vṛṣṭaṃ parvateṣu vidhāvati .evaṃ dharmān pṛthak paśyaṃstānevānuvidhāvati .. 14..

AI Translation

14 As rainwater falling on a mountain peak runs down the rocks in all directions, even so he who sees the attributes as different from Brahman verily runs after them in all directions.

Verse 15

yathodakaṃ śuddhe śuddhamāsiktaṃ tādṛgeva bhavati .evaṃ munervijānata ātmā bhavati gautama .. 15..iti kāṭhakopaniṣadi dvitīyādhyāye prathamā vallī ..

AI Translation

15 As pure water poured into pure water becomes one with it, so also, O Gautama, does the Self of the sage who knows.