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Amritanada Upanishad

(Chapter 22)

Chapter Quiz

Verse 1

śāstrāṇyadhītya medhāvī abhyasya ca punaḥ punaḥ। paramaṃ brahma vijñāya ulkāvattānyathotsṛjet।।

AI Translation

Having studied the scriptures, an intelligent person, and having practiced them again and again, should, after realizing the Supreme Brahman, then discard them like a torch (whose purpose is served).

Verse 2

oṃkārarathamārūhya viṣṇuṃ kṛtvātha sārathim। brahmalokapadānveṣī rūdrārādhanatatparaḥ।।

AI Translation

Having ascended the chariot of Om, and having made Vishnu the charioteer, (he is) a seeker of the state of Brahman, devoted to the worship of Rudra.

Verse 3

tāvadrathe gantavya yāvadrathapathi sthatiḥ। sthātvā rathapatisthānaṃ rathamutsṛjya gacchati।।

AI Translation

One should travel in the chariot as long as one is on the chariot's path. Having reached the destination of the chariot's path, one abandons the chariot and proceeds.

Verse 4

mātrāliṅgapadaṃ tyāktvā śabdavyañjanavarjitam। asvareṇa makāreṇa padaṃ sūkṣmaṃ hi gacachati।।

AI Translation

Having abandoned the word (or state) defined by vocalic length and distinguishing characteristics, and devoid of audible sound and specific consonants, one indeed attains the subtle state by means of the soundless 'M' (sound).

Verse 5

śabdādi viṣayānpañca manaścaivāticañcalam। cintayedātmano raśmīnpratyāhāraḥ sa ucyate।।

AI Translation

The five objects of the senses, beginning with sound, and the mind, which is indeed exceedingly restless—one should contemplate these as the rays of the Self. That is called Pratyahara.

Verse 6

pratyāhārastathā dhyānaṃ prāṇāyāmo'tha dhāraṇā। tarkaścaiva samādhiśca ṣaḍaṅgo yoga ucyate ।।

AI Translation

Withdrawal of the senses, and meditation, breath-control, then concentration; reasoning, and indeed absorption – these are declared to be the six limbs of Yoga.

Verse 7

yathā parvatadhātūnāṃ dahyante dhamanānmalāḥ। tathendriyakṛtā doṣā dahyante prāṇadhāraṇāt।।

AI Translation

Just as the impurities of mountain ores are burnt away by smelting, similarly, the faults created by the senses are burnt away by Prāṇadhāraṇā (the practice of holding or controlling the vital breath).

Verse 8

prāṇāyāmairdaheddoṣāndhāraṇābhiśca kilbiṣam । pratyāhāreṇa saṃsargān dhyānenānīśvarānguṇān ।।

AI Translation

One should burn away faults by prāṇāyāmas, sins by dhāraṇās, attachments by pratyāhāra, and non-divine qualities by dhyāna.

Verse 9

kilbiṣaṃ hi kṣayaṃ nītvā rūciraṃ caiva cintayet ।।

AI Translation

Having indeed brought sin to an end, one should also contemplate the radiant.

Verse 10

rūciraṃ recakaṃ caiva vāyorākarṣaṇaṃ tathā । prāṇāyāmāstrayaḥ proktā recapūrakakumbhakāḥ।।

AI Translation

The pleasing exhalation, and similarly the drawing in of air (inhalation) – these three Prāṇāyāmas are declared as Recaka (exhalation), Pūraka (inhalation), and Kumbhaka (retention).

Verse 11

savyāhṛtiṃ sapraṇavāṃ gāyatrīṃ śirasā saha । triḥ paṭhedāyataprāṇaḥ prāṇāyāmaḥ sa ucyate ।।

AI Translation

Reciting the Gāyatrī Mantra along with the Vyāhṛtis (mystic utterances), the Praṇava (Om), and the Śiras (the head-verse), three times while restraining the breath—this is called Prāṇāyāma.

Verse 12

utkṣipya vāyumākāśe śūnyaṃ kṛtvā nirātmakam । śūnyabhāve niyuñjīyādrecakasyeti lakṣaṇam ।।

AI Translation

Having expelled the breath into space, and having made [oneself] empty and devoid of self, one should engage in the state of voidness. This is the definition of Recaka (exhalation).

Verse 13

vaktreṇotpalanālena toyamākarṣayennaraḥ। evaṃ vāyurgahītavyaḥ pūrakasyeti lakṣaṇam।।

AI Translation

Just as a man should draw in water through his mouth with a lotus stalk, so too should the breath be drawn in. This is the characteristic (or definition) of pūraka (inhalation).

Verse 14

nocchvasenna ca niśvasennaiva gātrāṇi cālayet । evaṃ bhāvaṃ niyuñjīyātkumbhakasyeti lakṣaṇam।।

AI Translation

One should neither exhale nor inhale, nor move the limbs. One should thus apply oneself to this state. This is the definition of Kumbhaka (breath retention).

Verse 15

andhavatpaśya rūpāṇi śabdaṃ badhiravacchṛṇu। kāṣṭhavatpaśya vai dehaṃ praśāntasyeti lakṣaṇam।।

AI Translation

Look at forms as if blind, hear sounds as if deaf. Regard the body indeed like a log of wood. This is the characteristic of one who is perfectly tranquil.

Verse 16

mana:saṃkalpakaṃ dhyātvā saṃkṣipyātmani buddhimān। dhārayitvā tathātmānaṃ dhāraṇā parikīrtitā ॥

AI Translation

The wise person, having meditated upon the mind as the source of resolve, and having restrained it within the Self, then fixing the Self in that manner – this is declared as Dhāraṇā (concentration).

Verse 17

āgamasyāvirodhena ūhanaṃ tarka ucyate। samaṃ manyeta yallabdhvā sa samādhiḥ prakīrtitaḥ ॥

AI Translation

Reasoning (tarka) is said to be that inference (ūhanam) which is not in contradiction with the scriptures (āgama). That state, having attained which one would feel equanimity, is declared to be samādhi.

Verse 18

bhūmau darbhāsane ramye sarvadoṣavivarjite। kṛtvā manomayīṃ rakṣāṃ japtvā vai rathamaṇḍale॥

AI Translation

On the ground, upon a beautiful kusha-grass seat, free from all imperfections, having performed a mental protective ritual, and having chanted within the chariot-mandala.

Verse 19

padmakaṃ svastikaṃ vāpi bhadrāsanamathāpi vā। baddhavā yogāsanaṃ samyaguttarābhimukhaḥ sthitaḥ ॥

AI Translation

Having assumed Padmaka, or Svastika, or even Bhadrasana, and having properly taken a yogic posture, one should be seated facing north.

Verse 20

nāsikāpuṭamaṅgulyā pidhāyaikena mārutam। ākṛṣya dhārayedagniṃ śabdameva vicintayet ॥

AI Translation

Closing a nostril with a finger and having drawn in the breath, one should retain the vital energy and contemplate only the sound.