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Hamsa Upanishad

(Chapter 23)

Chapter Quiz

Verse 1

gautama uvāca-bhagavansarvadharmajña sarvaśāstraviśārada। brahmavidyāprabodho hi kenopāyena jāyate ॥

AI Translation

Gautama said: O Lord, knower of all righteous duties, expert in all scriptures. By what means indeed is the awakening to the knowledge of Brahman attained?

Verse 2

sanatkumāra uvāca-vicārya sarvadharmeṣu mataṃ jñātvā pinākinaḥ। pārvatyā kathitaṃ tattvaṃ śṛṇu gautama tanmama॥

AI Translation

Sanatkumāra said: "Having examined all principles and having understood the view of Pinākin (Shiva), listen, Gautama, to that truth spoken by Pārvatī, which is from me."

Verse 3

anākhyeyamidaṃ guhyaṃ yogine kośasaṃnibham।haṃsasyākṛtivistāraṃ bhuktimuktiphalapradam ॥

AI Translation

This indescribable secret, which is like a treasure-house for the yogi, is the expansion of the Hamsa's nature, granting the fruits of enjoyment and liberation.

Verse 4

atha haṃsaparamahaṃsanirṇayaṃ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ। brahmacāriṇe śāntāya dāntāya gurubhaktāya । haṃsahaṃseti sadā dhyāyan॥

AI Translation

Now we shall explain the true nature of Haṃsa and Parama-haṃsa. This is for a brahmacārin who is peaceful, self-controlled, and devoted to the guru, and who always meditates, repeating 'Haṃsa, Haṃsa!'

Verse 5

sarveṣu deheṣu vyāpto vartate । yathā hyagniḥ kāṣṭheṣu tileṣu tailamiva taṃ viditvā mṛtyumatyeti ॥

AI Translation

It exists pervadingly in all bodies, just as fire in wood and oil in sesame seeds. Knowing that, one transcends death.

Verse 6

gudamavaṣṭabhyādhārādvāyumutthāpya svādhiṣṭhānaṃ triḥ pradakṣiṇīkṛtya maṇipūrakaṃ gatvā anāhatamatikramya viśuddhau prāṇānnirudhyājñāmanudhyāyanbrahmarandhaṃ dhyāyan trimātro'hamityeva sarvadā paśyatyanākāraśca bhavati ॥

AI Translation

Having contracted the perineum and raised the vital breath from the Mūlādhāra (base), having circumambulated Svādhiṣṭhāna thrice, having proceeded to Maṇipūraka, having passed Anāhata, having restrained the vital breaths in Viśuddhi, contemplating Ājñā, meditating on the Brahmarandhra, one always perceives 'I am the threefold (trimātra)' and thus becomes formless.

Verse 7

eṣo'sau paramahaṃso bhānukoṭipratīkāśo yenedaṃ sarvaṃ vyāptam ॥

AI Translation

This indeed is the Paramahamsa, resplendent as a myriad of suns, by whom all this is pervaded.

Verse 8

tasyāṣṭadhā vṛttirbhavati। pūrvadale puṇye matiḥ। āgneye nidrālasyādayo bhavanti । yāmye kraurye matiḥ। nairṛte pāpe manīṣā। vāruṇyāṃ krīḍā।vāyavyāṃ gamanādau buddhiḥ ।saumye ratiprītiḥ। īśānye dravyādānam। madhye vairāgyam। kesare jāgradavasthā। karṇikāyāṃ svapnam। liṅge suṣuptiḥ। padmatyāge turīyam। yadā haṃse nādo vilīno bhavati tat turīyātītam॥

AI Translation

Its activity is eightfold. In the eastern petal, there is a mind for virtuous deeds. In the south-eastern (fire) petal, sleep, laziness, etc., occur. In the southern (Yama's) petal, there is a mind for cruelty. In the south-western (Nirṛti's) petal, there is a desire for sin. In the western (Varuṇa's) petal, there is sport/play. In the north-western (Vāyu's) petal, there is intellect for movement, etc. In the northern (Soma's) petal, there is attachment and affection. In the north-eastern (Īśāna's) petal, there is acquisition of wealth. In the center, there is detachment. In the filaments (stamens), there is the waking state. In the pericarp, there is the dream state. In the seed vessel (liṅga), there is deep sleep. When the lotus is abandoned, that is the fourth state (Turīya). When the sound (nāda) in the Hamsa dissolves, that is Turīyātīta (beyond the fourth).

Verse 9

atho nāda ādhārādbrahmarandhraparyantaṃ śuddhasphaṭikasaṃkāśaḥ । sa vai brahma paramātmetyucyate ॥

AI Translation

Now, the Nāda (subtle sound), extending from the Muladhara (base chakra) up to the Brahmarandhra (aperture of Brahman), is pure like crystal. That, indeed, is Brahman, and it is called the Supreme Self.

Verse 10

atha haṃsa ṛṣiḥ । avyaktagāyatrī chandaḥ । paramahaṃso devatā। hamiti bījam । sa iti śaktiḥ। so'miti kīlakam॥

AI Translation

Now, Haṃsa is the sage. Avyaktagāyatrī is the meter. Paramahaṃsa is the deity. "Haṃ" is the seed, "Sa" is the power, and "So'm" is the pivot.

Verse 11

ṣaṭsaṃkhyayā ahorātrayorekaviṃśatisahastrāṇi ṣaṭśatānyadhikāni bhavanti।sūryāya somāya nirañjanāya nirābhāsāyātanusūkṣma pracodayāditi ॥

AI Translation

By the number six (hundreds), twenty-one thousand six hundred (21,600) [breaths] occur in a day and a night. To Sūrya, to Soma, to the Stainless, to the Formless, to the non-gross and subtle (reality) — thus one should impel (meditate).

Verse 12

agnīṣomābhyāṃ vauṣad hṛdayāhyaṅganyāsakaranyāsau bhavataḥ ॥

AI Translation

To Agni and Soma, “vauṣaṭ” (an exclamation for offering). The limb-placement involving the heart's invocation and the hand-placement are performed.

Verse 13

evaṃ kṛtvā hṛdaye'ṣṭadale haṃsātmānaṃ dhyāyet ॥

AI Translation

Having performed thus, one should meditate on the Haṃsa-Self in the eight-petaled (lotus) of the heart.

Verse 14

agnīṣomau pakṣāvoṃkāraḥ śira ukāro bindu striṇetraṃ mukhaṃ rudro rudrāṇī caraṇau। dvividhaṃ kaṇṭhataḥ kuryādityunmanāḥ ajapopasaṃhāra ityabhidhīyate ॥

AI Translation

Agni and Soma are the wings; Omkara is the head; U-kāra is the Bindu; the three-eyed (aspect) is the face; Rudra and Rudrāṇī are the feet. One should perform (the meditation) twofold from the throat, thus becoming transcendent of the mind; this is called the culmination of the Ajapa (unrecited mantra).

Verse 15

evaṃ haṃsavaśāttasmānmano vicāryate ॥

AI Translation

Thus, owing to the influence of Haṃsa, the mind is purified.

Verse 16

asyaiva japakoṭyāṃ nādamanubhavati evaṃ sarvaṃ haṃsavaśānnādo daśavidho jāyate । ciṇīti prathamaḥ । ciñciṇīti dvitīyaḥ। ghaṇṭānādastṛtīyaḥ । śaṅkhanādaścaturtham। pañcamastanvīnādaḥ । ṣaṣṭhastālanādaḥ । saptamo veṇunādaḥ। aṣṭamo mṛdaṅganādaḥ। navamo bherīnādaḥ। daśamo meghanādaḥ ॥

AI Translation

Upon crores of repetitions (of this mantra), one experiences the Nāda (inner sound). Thus, by the power of Haṃsa, the Nāda manifests in ten types. The first is the Ciṇī sound. The second is the Ciñciṇī sound. The third is the bell sound. The fourth is the conch sound. The fifth is the Tānvī (string instrument) sound. The sixth is the cymbal sound. The seventh is the flute sound. The eighth is the Mṛdaṅga drum sound. The ninth is the Bhērī drum sound. The tenth is the thunder sound.

Verse 17

navamaṃ parityajya daśamamevābhyaset ॥

AI Translation

Having abandoned the ninth, one should indeed practice the tenth.

Verse 18

prathame ciñciṇīgātraṃ dvitīye gātrabhañjanam। tṛtīye khedanaṃ yāti caturthe kampate śiraḥ ॥

AI Translation

In the first (stage), there is a tingling sensation in the body; in the second, a sensation of the body breaking. In the third, weariness sets in, and in the fourth, the head trembles.

Verse 19

pañcame stravate tālu ṣaṣṭhe'mṛtaniṣevaṇam। saptame gūḍhavijñānaṃ parā vācā tathā'ṣṭame ॥

AI Translation

In the fifth (stage), nectar flows from the palate; in the sixth, there is the partaking of nectar. In the seventh, profound knowledge; and in the eighth, Parā Vāc (the supreme word).

Verse 20

adṛśyaṃ navame dehaṃ divyaṃ cakṣustathā'malam। daśamaṃ paramaṃ brahma bhavedbrahmātmasaṃnidhau ॥

AI Translation

The ninth is the unseen body and the divine, pure eye. The tenth is the Supreme Brahman, which should be realized in the proximity of the Brahman-Self.