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Panchabrahma Upanishad

(Chapter 19)

Chapter Quiz

Verse 1

atha paippalādo bhagavānbho kimādau kiṃ jātamiti । sadyo jātamiti kiṃ bhagava iti। aghora iti । kiṃ bhagava iti। vāmadeva iti । kiṃ vā punarime bhagava iti । tatpuruṣa iti । kiṃ vā punarime bhagava iti। sarveṣāṃ divyānāṃ prerayitā īśāna iti । īśāno bhūtabhavyasya sarveṣāṃ devayoninām॥

AI Translation

Then the revered Pippalāda asked: 'O Lord, what was first? What was born?' [The reply was:] 'Sadyojāta.' [Pippalāda asked:] 'And what next, O Lord?' [The reply was:] 'Aghora.' [Pippalāda asked:] 'And what next, O Lord?' [The reply was:] 'Vāmadeva.' [Pippalāda asked:] 'And what are these again, O Lord?' [The reply was:] 'Tatpuruṣa.' [Pippalāda asked:] 'And what are these again, O Lord?' [The reply was:] 'Īśāna, the inspirer of all divine beings.' Īśāna is the Lord of the past and the future, of all beings of divine origin.

Verse 2

kati varṇāḥ । kati bhedāḥ । kati śaktayaḥ । yatsarvaṃ tādguhyam॥

AI Translation

How many varṇas (categories/aspects)? How many divisions? How many powers? All that is a secret.

Verse 3

tasmai namo mahādevāya mahārudrāya॥

AI Translation

Salutations to him, to Mahadeva, to Mahārudra.

Verse 4

provāca tasmai bhagavānmaheśaḥ॥

AI Translation

The venerable Lord Mahesha spoke to him.

Verse 5

gopyādgopyataraṃ loke yadyasti śṛṇu śākala। sadyojātaṃ mahī pūṣā ramā brahmā trivṛtsvaraḥ ॥

AI Translation

O Śākala, listen, if there is anything in the world more secret than what is to be kept secret: Sadyojāta, the earth, Pūṣā, Ramā, Brahmā, and the three-fold sound.

Verse 6

ṛgvedo gārhapatyaṃ ca mantrāḥ sapta svarāstathā।varṇaṃ potaṃ kriyā śaktiḥ sarvābhīṣṭaphalapradam ॥

AI Translation

The Ṛgveda, the Gārhapatya fire, the mantras, and the seven notes (svaras); also the varṇas, the vessel, and the power of action (kriyā śakti) – [all this] bestows all desired fruits.

Verse 7

aghoraṃ salilaṃ candra gaurī vedadvitīyakam। nīradābhaṃ svaraṃ sāndraṃ dakṣiṇāgnirudāhṛtam ॥

AI Translation

Aghora is identified with water, the moon, Gauri, and the second Veda (Yajurveda). It is cloud-colored, possesses a profound sound, and is declared to be the Dakshinagni (southern sacrificial fire).

Verse 8

pañcāśadvarṇasaṃyuktaṃ sthitiricchākriyānvitam। śaktirakṣaṇasaṃyuktaṃ sarvāghaughavināśanam॥

AI Translation

It is united with fifty letters (varnas), endowed with stability, will, and action. It is endowed with power and protection, and is the destroyer of all multitudes of sins.

Verse 9

sarvaduṣṭapraśamanaṃ sarveśvaryaphalapradam॥

AI Translation

It calms all evil and bestows the fruit of all prosperity.

Verse 10

vāmadevaṃ mahābodhadāyakaṃ pāvakātmakam । vidyālokasamāyuktaṃ bhānukoṭisamaprabham ॥

AI Translation

Vamadeva, the bestower of great enlightenment, whose nature is fire, endowed with the light of knowledge, resplendent like a crore of suns.

Verse 11

prasannaṃ sāmavedākhyaṃ gānāṣṭakasamanvitam। dhīrasvaramadhīnaṃ cāhavanīyamanuttamam ॥

AI Translation

It is serene, named Sāmaveda, endowed with the eight classes of chants, possessing a deep and steady tone, and it is the unsurpassed Āhavanīya fire.

Verse 12

jñānasaṃhārasaṃyuktaṃ śaktidvayasamanvitam। varṇaṃ śuklaṃ tamomiśra pūrṇabodhakaraṃ svayam॥

AI Translation

It is united with knowledge and dissolution, endowed with two powers. It is the white aspect mixed with darkness, itself causing complete enlightenment.

Verse 13

dhāmatrayaniyantāraṃ dhāmatrayasamanvitam। sarvasaubhāgyadaṃ nṛṇāṃ sarvakarmaphalapradam ॥

AI Translation

The controller of the three abodes (or states of consciousness), who is Himself encompassed by the three abodes; the bestower of all good fortune to people, and the giver of the fruits of all actions.

Verse 14

aṣṭākṣarasamāyuktamaṣṭapatrāntarasthitam ॥

AI Translation

Endowed with eight syllables, situated within an eight-petalled (lotus).

Verse 15

yattattatpuruṣaṃ proktaṃ vāyumaṇḍalasaṃvṛtam। pañcāgninā samāyuktaṃ mantraśaktiniyāmakam ॥

AI Translation

That which is declared as Tatpuruṣa is enveloped by the sphere of air, associated with the five fires, and is the regulator of mantra-power.

Verse 16

pañcāśatsvaravarṇākhyamatharvavedasvarūpakam।koṭikoṭigaṇādhyakṣaṃ brahmāṇḍākhaṇḍavigraham ॥

AI Translation

He who is known as the fifty vowels and consonants, whose form is the Atharvaveda, who is the lord of millions upon millions of gaṇas, and whose body is the undivided universe.

Verse 17

varṇaṃ raktaṃ kāmadaṃ ca sarvādhivyādhibheṣajam। sṛṣṭisthitilayādīnāṃ kāraṇaṃ sarvaśaktidhṛk ॥

AI Translation

Red in color, granting desires, and a remedy for all mental and physical ailments; the cause of creation, preservation, destruction, and so forth, and the holder of all power.

Verse 18

avasthātritayātītaṃ turīyaṃ brahmasaṃjñitam। brahmaviṣṇvādibhiḥ sevyaṃ sarveṣāṃ janakaṃ param॥

AI Translation

That which is beyond the three states (of consciousness), the Fourth (Turiya), known as Brahman, is worshipped by Brahma, Vishnu, and others, and is the supreme generator of all.

Verse 19

īśānaṃ paramaṃ vidyātprerakaṃ buddhisākṣiṇam। ākāśātmakamavyaktamoṃkārasvarabhūṣitam॥

AI Translation

One should know Īśāna as the Supreme, the inspirer, the witness of intellect, of the nature of space, the unmanifest, adorned with the sound of Om.

Verse 20

sarvadevamayaṃ śāntaṃ śāntyatītaṃ svarādvahiḥ। akārādisvarādhyakṣamākāśamayavigraham॥

AI Translation

It embodies all deities, is peaceful, transcends (even) peace, and is beyond (manifested) sound; it is the presiding lord of all sounds beginning with 'A', and its form is made of ether (space).